Page 195 - GLOBAL TOURISM CHALLENGES IN 21st CENTURY
P. 195

%D\DUG  +HOOHUVWHLQ  1HXPDUN  DQG 7URVNH        FODLPHG WKDW VH[ VHJUHJDWLRQ LQ
                        WKH  ODERXU  PDUNHW  DFFRXQWV  IRU  KLJK  SHUFHQWDJH  RI  WKH  ZDJH  GLIIHUHQFHV  EHWZHHQ
                        ZRPHQ DQG PHQ  $FFRUGLQJ WR %ODX DQG +HQGULFNV        WKLV SKHQRPHQRQ LV YLHZHG
                        DV  D  W\SH  RI  LQHTXDOLW\  EHWZHHQ  WKH  WZR  VH[HV   6LQFH  LQHTXDOLWLHV  FDQ  RQO\  KDYH
                        QHJDWLYH FRQVHTXHQFHV WKHUH LV WKHUHIRUH D QHHG WR DGGUHVV WKH FXUUHQW VLWXDWLRQ DQG
                        VWXG\ WKH FRVWV FUHDWHG
                           7KLV  ZRUN  DLPV  WR  SUHVHQW  WKH  UHVXOWV  RI  WKH  GDWD  DQDO\VLV  EDVHG  RQ  WKH  /DERXU
                        )RUFH 6XUYH\ RI (XURVWDW      DQG LV RUJDQL]HG DV IROORZV  XVLQJ WKH GDWDVHW FUHDWHG
                        IURP /DERXU )RUFH 6XUYH\ GDWD RI (XURVWDW       ZH ILUVWO\ FDOFXODWHG DQG VWXGLHG WKH
                        'XQFDQ DQG 'XQFDQ        LQGH[ IRU DOO HFRQRPLF DFWLYLWLHV DFURVV (8  6HFRQGO\  ZH
                        LGHQWLILHG WKH UHODWLRQVKLS EHWZHHQ WKH FDOFXODWHG 'XQFDQ DQG 'XQFDQ LQGH[ DQG WKH
                        *3* RI       )LQDOO\  XVLQJ FOXVWHU DQDO\VLV ZH FDWHJRUL]HG WKH FRXQWLHV LQ (8
                           7KH  PHWKRGRORJ\  XVHG  LQYROYHV  VWDWLVWLFDO  WRROV  VXFK  DV  FOXVWHU  DQDO\VLV  DQG
                        IXQGDPHQWDO  GHVFULSWLYH  LQGLFHV  IRU  PHDVXULQJ  VH[ VHJUHJDWLRQ  VXFK  DV  'XQFDQ  DQG
                        'XQFDQ  GLVVLPLODULW\  LQGH[ '   7KHVH  WHFKQLTXHV  KHOSHG  XV  WR  IRUPXODWH  D
                        FRPSUHKHQVLYH SLFWXUH RI WKH VH[ VHJUHJDWLRQ E\ HFRQRPLF DFWLYLW\ LQ (XURSH DQG WKH
                        UHIOHFWLRQ RQ JHQGHU LQHTXDOLWLHV
                           7KH  SDSHU  LV  VWUXFWXUHG  ZLWK  6HFWLRQ     SUHVHQWLQJ  WKH  OLWHUDWXUH  UHYLHZ  RQ  VH[
                        VHJUHJDWLRQ   6HFWLRQ     GHVFULELQJ  WKH  PHWKRGRORJ\  XVHG  DQG  GDWDEDVH   6HFWLRQ
                        RXWOLQLQJ WKH DQDO\VLV FRQWDFWHG DQG WKH UHVXOWV  DQG ILQDOO\ 6HFWLRQ   LV GLVFXVVLQJ WKH
                        FRQFOXVLRQ

                           /LWHUDWXUH UHYLHZ

                        7KH FRQFHQWUDWLRQ RI ZRPHQ DQG PHQ LQ GLIIHUHQW SURIHVVLRQV RU VHFWRUV RI HFRQRPLF
                        DFWLYLW\ GLIIHU  +RUL]RQWDO VHJUHJDWLRQ LV XQGHUVWRRG DV XQGHU  RYHU  UHSUHVHQWDWLRQ RI D
                        FHUWDLQ  JURXS  LQ  RFFXSDWLRQV  RU  VHFWRUV  QRW  RUGHUHG  E\  DQ\  FULWHULRQ   %HWWLR  DQG
                        9HUDVKFKDJLQD         %XW LPSRUWDQW IRU JHQGHU SD\ LQHTXDOLW\ LV WKDW ZRPHQ DQG PHQ
                        WHQG WR ZRUN LQ GLIIHUHQW VHFWRUV DQG RFFXSDWLRQV WKDW DUH QRW YDOXHG HTXDOO\  ,Q WKDW
                        ZD\ ZH FDQ FRQFOXGH WKDW WKH RYHU UHSUHVHQWDWLRQ RI PDQ LQ D EHWWHU SDLG RFFXSDWLRQV
                        RU VHFWRUV UHIHU WR JHQGHU KRUL]RQWDO VHJUHJDWLRQ  +RUL]RQWDO VHJUHJDWLRQ LV D FRQVWDQW
                        LQ WKH ODERXU PDUNHW LQ DOO 2(&' FRXQWULHV  5XEHU\ DQG )DJDQ        $QNHU
                        2(&'         -RQXQJ        DQWLFLSDWHV D PDLQWDLQLQJ RU HYHQ DQ DFFHQWXDWLRQ RI WKH
                        SURIHVVLRQDO  VHJPHQWDWLRQ   $FFRUGLQJ  WR  $QNHU          KRUL]RQWDO  VHJUHJDWLRQ  LV  D
                        QHDUO\  LPPXWDEOH  DQG  XQLYHUVDO  FKDUDFWHULVWLF  RI  FRQWHPSRUDU\  VRFLR HFRQRPLF
                        V\VWHPV  ,W DOVR H[SODLQV D SDUW RI WKH JHQGHU SD\ JDS  %ODX DQG )HUEHU         7KH
                        GHEDWH  RQ  WKH  URRW  FDXVHV  RI  JHQGHU  VHJUHJDWLRQ  LQ  HPSOR\PHQW  GDWHV  EDFN  WR  WKH
                            V  EXW LW UHPDLQV WKH SRLQW RI UHIHUHQFH WR GDWH GHVSLWH WKH IDFW WKDW VR PXFK KDV
                        FKDQJHG VLQFH WKHQ  %HWWLR DQG 9HUDVKFKDJLQD         3URGXFWLYH SRWHQWLDO LV DIIHFWHG
                        E\  KXPDQ  FDSLWDO  EURDGO\  UHIOHFWLQJ  LQQDWH  DELOLW\   HGXFDWLRQ   WUDLQLQJ  DQG  ZRUN
                        H[SHULHQFH  %HFNHU        DQG E\ LQGLYLGXDO RU KRXVHKROG SUHIHUHQFHV DIIHFWLQJ ERWK
                        WKH GHYHORSPHQW RI KXPDQ FDSLWDO DQG WKH W\SH RI ZRUN GRQH  %HFNHU        &ODUN
                                )RU  H[DPSOH   ZRPHQ  ZKR  DQWLFLSDWH  D  FDUHHU  LQWHUUXSWLRQ  GXH  WR  PDWHUQLW\
                        ZRXOG  LQYHVW  OHVV  LQ  HGXFDWLRQ  DQG  IRUPDWLRQ   7KH\  DFFXPXODWH  OHVV  KXPDQ  FDSLWDO
                        WKDQ  PHQ  ZKLFK  FRXOG  SUHYHQW  WKHP  IURP  KDYLQJ  DFFHVV  WR  RFFXSDWLRQV  XS  WKH
                        SURIHVVLRQDO KLHUDUFK\  0LQFHU DQG 3RODFKHFN        :RPHQ DQG PHQ GLIIHU  ERWK LQ
                        WHUPV  RI  WKH  MREV  LQ  ZKLFK  WKH\  ZRUN  DQG  LQ  WKHLU  UHVSRQVLELOLWLHV   EXW  RYHU  WLPH
                        ZRPHQ¶V VNLOOV KDYH EHFRPH PRUH VLPLODU WR PHQ¶V  7KH RFFXSDWLRQV DQG LQGXVWULHV LQ
                        ZKLFK PHQ DQG ZRPHQ ZRUN KDYH DOVR EHFRPH PRUH VLPLODU  *LYHQ WKDW ZRPHQ KDYH



                                                             ϭϴϴ
   190   191   192   193   194   195   196   197   198   199   200